There are disagreements among both Muslim and non-Muslim scholars as to when the Qur'an was compiled.

Some non-Muslim scholars have written works which are read by many Muslims.

Before 1980, such non-Muslim scholars in this field had been called "Islamicists".

Schacht's views on this matter have recently fallen out of favor with Muslim and non-Muslim scholars of Islam alike.

The reverberations have affected non-Muslim scholars in Western countries.

According to Shi'a and non-Muslim scholars, Fatima Zahra was Muhammad's only daughter.

Martin Forward, a 21st-century non-Muslim Islamic scholar, states:

Some non-Muslim scholars reject all hadith as fabrications, which colors their views.

Madelung criticizes this school of thought and, like many other non-Muslim Islamic scholars, praised Ali.

First published in 1955, it is one of the most prominent written by a non-Muslim scholar.