There is evidence that groups are much more likely to directly lobby previous allies rather than opponents.

Perhaps because my children are wiser or craftier than I was, they never directly lobbied to join those ranks.

Mr. Gibson, they said, also lobbied the membership directly to deny them re-election.

A number engaged in political work, staging protests and directly lobbying representatives.

By law, former members of Congress cannot directly lobby Congress for one year after retiring.

The group lobbied directly to state legislators and other influential people.

Current "revolving door" rules bar former members from directly lobbying for one year.

Mr. Daschle is prohibited from directly lobbying the Senate for a year.

When lobbied directly, the president is apt to decide on the basis of whoever has the most money and political influence.

Many senior leaders often lobby directly or indirectly for their descendants and relatives to succeed them.