The legal fight to preserve affirmative action, in particular, became an overarching struggle in Ms. Jones's tenure.

Justice Thomas's dissent in the 5-4 decision preserving affirmative action in university admissions has persuaded me that affirmative action is not the way to go.

In the summer of 1995, Clinton bolstered the effort to preserve racial and gender affirmative action programs by changing them.

But would this reply persuade the court to preserve affirmative action beyond its expiration date?

Labour would be cutting now, and nobody can say if they would have pushed the levers at local government level to preserve voluntary action.

This same community will work to preserve affirmative action as long as access to economic opportunity continues to be denied to so many.

But it was a new generation of women in their 20's and 30's whom the organizers of the first Feminist Expo wanted in a new fight, to preserve affirmative action.

The court preserved affirmative action in university admissions, upholding by a 5-to-4 vote the "holistic" and "individualized" approach used by the University of Michigan Law School.

The University of Michigan unveiled an admissions policy yesterday that preserves affirmative action but applies it less strictly, without assigning any numerical advantage, or extra points, to minority applicants.

Still, in Houston, not known for being in the social vanguard, voters decided earlier this month to preserve affirmative action in public contracts.