"This seems so far from what people would take as strong scientific evidence or a direct causal link," he said.

But the researchers said a causal link was not proved, and urged more research.

"There is a causal link between funding and educational opportunity."

The reports do not prove a causal link between the drink and any health problems.

This assumes that there is a causal link between information and human behavior.

For that reason, he said, "it doesn't provide a causal link."

There is a strong causal link, they claim, between money and prices.

But, unless we look deeper into the causal links, these can be misleading.

If this causal link is not present the application will fail.

The causal links however are by no means clear.

There is also a causal connection between the two processes.

Studies have found no causal connection between the vaccines and autism.

This would allow a "causal connection" between the symbols and things they represent.

None of these causal connections have been proved, and all are under active investigation.

"I don't think that anyone has proven a causal connection between the pornography and the violence."

A simple confusion of a temporal event with a causal connection.

The action of the board or public body breaks the causal connection.

Simply because two things happen at the same time does not mean there is any causal connection.

But no one knows whether there is a real causal connection.

There may be a causal connection between a reference and a referent.

Whether or not the correlation indicates cause-and-effect relationship is an open question.

One thing had led inevitably to another, just as it always did, without a completely defined cause-and-effect relationship.

The study researchers caution that the results do not show a cause-and-effect relationship between happiness and longer life.

"There is no cause-and-effect relationship between Rather's ratings and political coverage," he said.

I think that's why you hear no single study can prove a cause-and-effect relationship.

Neither study is of a type designed to prove a cause-and-effect relationship between a hazard and a drug.

But at least two studies are under way to see whether a cause-and-effect relationship exists.

Individuals "smell things that don't make them feel well, but we know nothing about cause-and-effect relationships in these cases."

I doubt there's a cause-and-effect relationship, but I'd rather not risk it.

But it can be difficult to establish a cause-and-effect relationship based on individual cases.