"There will be no parity here," said Ellen Miller, executive director of the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics.

The study was conducted by the nonpartisan Center for Public Integrity and published as a book, "The Buying of the President 2004."

In 2012, the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics added Paul Brinkley and to its revolving door database.

Last December, the nonpartisan Center for Responsible Lending estimated that 1.7 million homeowners were in harm's way.

According to the nonpartisan Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, states are facing about $100 billion in deficits right now.

"It's what's at stake," said Larry Makinson, executive director of the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics.

Mr. Gore has raised at least $880,000 in Hollywood, according to the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics.

"No one's ever seen money like this," said Charles Lewis, who heads the nonpartisan Center for Public Integrity.

In contrast, Handgun Control Inc., which supports limitations on guns, spent $213,691, according to a study published this week by the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics.

Charles Lewis, the executive director of the nonpartisan Center for Public Integrity, noted that Congress temporarily exempts itself from the gift ban during the conventions.