Poland was also given approval to deport the native Germans and replace them with new Polish settlers.

The numbers, she said, may also overstate the incidence of brain drain, because they do not distinguish between native and naturalized Germans.

And having toiled in low-paying, physically taxing jobs, they are in poor health relative to native Germans of comparable age.

Housing was not sufficient even for native Germans; foreign workers had to live in seventy makeshift camps.

What of those native Germans who marry abroad, he asked, especially the thousands who have married women from East Asia?

The native Germans thought the custom was bizarre, but they went along without complaint.

Immigrants have tended to be less educated than native Germans.

The outpouring of public support for these vigils has been a welcome sign to both native Germans and foreigners who live here.

As a rule children of immigrants are not as successful academically as children of native Germans.

But the educational system has no formal, national curriculum that shows young native Germans the vital importance of respecting those with different beliefs, customs and languages.