The female never leaves the cocoon, requiring that the male mate with her through the open end at the back of the case.

Females valued heroic risk taking in male mates and less of it in female friends.

Also, intersexual selection, or mate choice, occurs when females choose between male mates.

If partner related violence does not stop infidelity from happening the male mate will sometimes resort to suicide instead.

When the male mates with the female, no offspring result.

Penton thought this time of a male mate, and Pipeliness went to fetch him.

Left alone, the dominant male mates with the female who then goes off to lay two eggs and rear her young alone.

When one partner dies, the other may search for a new male mate.

The male mates many times while most females mate only once during the flight season.