Amelia may be present as an isolated defect, but it is often associated with major malformations in other organ systems.

The risk for major malformations in infants of women taking ginger does not appear to be higher than the usual rate of 1% to 3%.

In utero exposure to fluoroquinolones during embryogenesis was not associated with increased risk of major malformations.

Herbal medicines used during the first trimester and major congenital malformations: an analysis of data from a pregnancy cohort study.

These studies included over 200,000 Bendectin-exposed pregnancies and did not observe an increased risk for major malformations.

Her son, Jamie, had spina bifida, a major malformation of the spine, and needed six major surgical operations in 10 months.

Infants with haemolytic disease or with major congenital malformations were excluded from analysis.

Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, often in conjunction with other major malformations, is significantly associated with poor and delayed developmental outcome.

Their use in the first trimester is also associated with a risk of major congenital malformations, particularly affecting the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.

"Still more important is the fact that no infant with a major malformation was identified in the most highly contaminated zone," the researchers reported.