Chirp rate is the instantaneous rate of change of the frequency of a waveform.

Under a short rate model, the stochastic state variable is taken to be the instantaneous forward rate.

The instantaneous forward rate is the continuous compounding rate available at time as seen from time .

The near instantaneous rate of discharge causes a potential (difference) over distance, which may amount to several thousand volts per linear foot.

An instantaneous rate can be determined by viewing a speedometer.

Newton's formula is Taylor's polynomial based on finite differences instead of instantaneous rates of change.

This is its running power level, which equates to the instantaneous rate at which energy must be generated and consumed to run the device.

Its the instantaneous rate of change at the intersection of the curve and the slope.

In fact, the destruction of the projectiles had approached an instantaneous rate.

Thus, it is convenient to express these models in terms of the instantaneous rates of change between different states (the Q matrices below).