Other mutations confer lower risk, but are more prevalent in the population.

Diabetes is thought to be caused by a variety of different genes, each conferring a risk for the disease.

Although cocaine exposure appears to confer higher risk for problems in behavior and development, most of these children appear to develop normally.

Epidemiologic studies do not consistently show that smoking confers an increased risk among women.

Research has also demonstrated the importance of environmental and experiential factors in conferring risk for many mental disorders.

"The same things that select for a robust immune response," he said, "may also confer a risk for giving birth early."

The new DNA variations are common but confer a lesser risk.

Table 2 summarizes the genes that confer a substantial risk of colorectal cancer, with their corresponding diseases.

Bumetanide confers a decreased risk of ototoxicity compared to furosemide.

Common variant at 16p11.2 conferring risk of psychosis.