Rate of growth of population and fertility rates decreased.

First, it is not always possible to draw a rigid functional relation between the level of per capita and the rate of growth of population and rate of growth in total income.

In the last quarter-millennium, the rate of growth of population, knowledge, technology, commerce, weapons destructiveness and environmental degradation has greatly accelerated, creating opportunities and perils that now confront the planet's human communities.

Additionally, in the long run real output grows at a constant rate equal to the sum of the rates of growth of population, technological know-how, and technology in place, and as such is exogenous.

It can also be seen that if the rate of growth of population is constant in time then aggregate saving and wealth will also increase at the rate p and hence will be proportional to aggregate income.

It is only when the level of per capita income is increased by a discontinuous jump that the country can hope to come out of the low level equilibrium trap, because the rate of growth exceeds the rate of growth of population.

It is well known that the Albanians, who predominate in Kosovo and in parts of western Macedonia, tend to have very large families, Such rapid rates of growth of population in areas of poverty and high unemployment are naturally a matter of great concern to the authorities.