"electron" po angielsku z przykładami - Słownik kolokacji angielskich
- The effect always competes with a diamagnetic response of opposite sign due to all the core electrons of the atoms.
- This beam uses the X-ray's inherent abilities to interact at the level of atomic nuclei and core electrons.
- Usually, only the valence electrons are treated quantum mechanically while the role of core electrons is to reduce the nuclear charge.
- Furthermore, the core electrons shield the ion charge magnitude "seen" by the conduction electrons.
- The excitation of core electrons is possible, but requires much higher energies generally corresponding to x-ray photons.
- Pseudopotentials replace the atomic nucleus and the core electrons by an effective numeric potential.
- In resonant excitation, the core electron is promoted to a bound state in the conduction band.
- Non-resonant excitation occurs when the incoming radiation promotes a core electron to the continuum.
- This pulls the electrons closer to the center, especially the core electrons (closest to the center).
- If that electron is removed, presumably the remaining core electrons experience slightly less screening of the nuclear charge and therefore can come closer to the nucleus.
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