It forms directly from the melt in the case of white cast iron.

White cast iron is more brittle, but also harder.

This causes white fractures to form on the surface and give white cast iron the name.

It is difficult to cool thick castings fast enough to solidify the melt as white cast iron all the way through.

White cast iron displays white fractured surfaces due to the presence of cementite.

Since carbide makes up a large fraction of the material, white cast iron could reasonably be classified as a cermet.

White cast iron has less silicon.

Condition of material (mill scale, hard spots due to white cast iron forming in castings)

Either white cast iron or refined iron is then placed in hearth of the furnace, a process known as charging.

If the second phase is harder than the matrix (eg. white cast irons), it will tend to protect the matrix.

There is a limit to how large a part can be cast in malleable iron, since it is made from white cast iron.

There are two main types of cast iron: grey cast iron and white cast iron.

This hard, brittle compound dominates the mechanical properties of white cast irons, rendering them hard, but unresistant to shock.

With less silicon, the carbon in white cast iron changes to cementite or iron carbide (FeC).

Cort's process (as patented) only worked for white cast iron, not grey cast iron, which was the usual feedstock for forges of the period.

The Barry Docks West Breakwater Light, a white cast iron tower at head of the west breakwater, was built in 1890.

The broken surface of a white cast iron is full of fine facets of the broken iron-carbide, a very pale, silvery, shiny material, hence the appellation.

However, rapid cooling can be used to solidify a shell of white cast iron, after which the remainder cools more slowly to form a core of grey cast iron.

It was paved in terracotta tiles shaped into hexagons and furnished with loungers at one end and a table and chairs in white cast iron at the other.

With a lower silicon content (graphitizing agent) and faster cooling rate, the carbon in white cast iron precipitates out of the melt as the metastable phase cementite, FeC, rather than graphite.

Unless the raw material used is white cast iron, the pig iron or other raw product of the puddling first had to be refined into refined iron, or finers metal.

Henry Cort's original puddling process only worked where the raw material was white cast iron, rather than the grey pig iron that was the usual raw material for finery forges.

Of the iron-base alloys, alloyed white cast irons are the most abrasion resistant, but they have little impact resistance (their main drawback for knife production), are not weldable, and are difficult to machine.

Your wrought iron is beautiful stuff; so is your white cast iron; and you would not, ordinarily, in your lifetime, come to know anything of either carburization or high-alloy steel, to say nothing of both.

Before the Bessemer process, Western Europe and the United States relied on the puddling process to reduce the carbon content of white cast iron (refined pig iron), converting it to wrought iron.