Vibrational spectroscopy techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy, are going to be sensitive to these M-L vibrational modes.

This monitoring is usually performed using extractive sampling systems coupled with infrared spectroscopy techniques.

This is the bases for the optothermal spectroscopy technique which Scoles and others have used to obtain very high signal-to noise and high resolution ro-vibrational spectra.

Graduate student James Reho brought time resolved spectroscopy techniques into the mix [9].

The most straightforward way to do this, the "dispersive spectroscopy" technique, is to shine a monochromatic light beam at a sample, measure how much of the light is absorbed, and repeat for each different wavelength.

The evanescent wave from an optical fiber can be used in a gas sensor, and evanescent waves figure in the infrared spectroscopy technique known as attenuated total reflectance.

This process is employed in a spectroscopy technique formally known as ARPES --Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2DIR) is a nonlinear infrared spectroscopy technique that has the ability to correlate vibrational modes in condensed-phase systems.

Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) is an x-ray spectroscopy technique used to investigate the electronic structure of molecules and materials.

Further series were discovered as spectroscopy techniques developed.