If one is making a thick walled pressure tight casting, he must minimise solidification shrinkage.

It supplies liquid metal to the solidifying casting to compensate for solidification shrinkage.

Porosity resulting from gas entrapment and solidification shrinkage is a significant problem in spray formed materials.

Gray iron also experiences less solidification shrinkage than other cast irons that do not form a graphite microstructure.

Moreover, most of the casting defects occur during solidification, such as gas porosity and solidification shrinkage.

Solidification shrinkage occurs because metals are less dense as a liquid than a solid, so during solidification the metal density dramatically increases.

Material properties that influence their castability include their pouring temperature, fluidity, solidification shrinkage, and slag/dross formation tendencies.

There are three types of shrinkage: shrinkage of the liquid, solidification shrinkage and patternmaker's shrinkage.

WHA penetrators are usually manufactured by sintering, with special attention required to ensure complete densification and preclude porosity resulting from entrapped gases or solidification shrinkage.

The components will be made from patterns prepared from drawings but with allowances made for feeding the liquid metal in to the casting and for reduction in size due to solidification shrinkage.

Because of solidification shrinkage and other considerations, not all brasses can be cast this way but the alloys available include conventional 60/40 leaded brasses and some high tensile brasses, sufficient for most applications.

Since the solidification shrinkage of magnesium is about the same as that of aluminium, aluminium molds can often be adapted to make magnesium-alloy castings (although it may be necessary to change the gating).

These macrosegregation patterns were explained in terms of inverse segregation in which solute rich liquid from the billet centre is sucked back through the primary Al-rich network to feed solidification shrinkage at the billet periphery.