secondary vibration

This still has some balance and secondary vibration problems.

The engine, although well developed, suffered from secondary vibration.

Two engine counterbalancers virtually eliminate primary and secondary vibration.

Above 2.0 L, most modern inline-four engines now use balance shafts to eliminate the secondary vibrations.

Use a sharp rap of the knuckle and listen for a secondary vibration, or echo, underneath the main vibrato.

The four-cylinder engine suffered from secondary vibration, but the three-cylinder K75, with its balance shaft, was far smoother.

However, the 180 crank yielded some "tingling" secondary vibration (which could be minimised with a balance shaft), and an uneven firing order.

On the sporting inspired K1, the engine was directly mounted onto the frame, which led to secondary vibrations problems at certain mid-range engine revolutions.

He could hear secondary vibrations setting up in the steel grill, a low moan rising and falling, almost like the monsoon wind coming in over the plains.

With the Secondary Vibration advantage, the cross-plane V8 can be scaled up to large displacements without causing destructive vibration.

They lack the V8 burble but have double as strong (and half as frequent) secondary vibration of the crossplane design, and do not require the large crankshaft counterweights.

In spite of its performance, the GPZ900R was smooth and ridable in urban traffic, owing to the new suspension and a crankshaft counter-balancer to nearly eliminated secondary vibration.

The cross-plane have half as strong (and twice as frequent) secondary vibration than flat-plane, but requires heavy counterweights on the crankshaft to counter Rocking Vibration caused by plane imbalances (See Engine balance for details).

In the V6 with 60 angle between the banks, split crank pin on the crankshaft can be used to achieve an even 120 firing interval between pistons, eliminate the primary vibrations, and reduce the secondary vibrations to acceptable levels.

In 1988, Buick introduced a V6 engine that not only had split crankpins, but had a counter-rotating balancing shaft between the cylinder banks to eliminate almost all primary and secondary vibrations, resulting in a very smooth-running engine.

When any tine is plucked, the adjacent tines also vibrate, and these harmonizing secondary vibrations serve a similar role to the harmonic overtones of a string instrument - they increase the harmonic complexity of an individual note.

The 90 throw separation would make the cross-plane crank a natural choice for a two-stroke straight four, providing the advantages of both evenly spaced firing and less secondary vibration when the increased rocking vibrations are countered with a crank-speed balance shaft.

As they always move two pistons together, the Secondary Vibration is twice as strong (and half as frequent) as cross-plane, unless balance shafts are used, with a counter rotating pair flanking the crankshaft transverse to the crankshaft centreline.

The 86 mm bore size worked well with the four-valves per cylinder layout, while the 68 mm stroke allowed a long conrod that helps to minimise secondary vibration, although Triumph engineers also altered the bar weights to restore a little 'character' vibration.

Although they are superior to straight fours in terms of secondary vibration, they have largely fallen out of favour for overhead cam design engines, for which an opposed-four cylinder layout would require twice as many camshafts as a straight-four while the crankshaft is as complex to manufacture.