Instead of pushing prices down through competition, however, publishers tend to lean toward the highest price the market will bear.

Can you see the kinds of books a particular publisher tends to market?

The aim of this business model is to give authors high royalty rates and the opportunity to write on topics that standard publishers tend to avoid.

By contrast, printers, publishers, advertising agencies and law firms tend not to specifically require a degree.

And that is how many publishers who go happily to Frankfurt every year, despite the trouble, tend to explain their reasoning.

In fact, publishers tended to give us a lot more material than we put up... Will certainly try to remember that for next year.

For instance, over the past three decades publishers have tended to produce more titles per year, but smaller numbers of copies of each title.

With thousands of favorable images to choose from, editors and publishers tend to play it safe.

These days, however, publishers are not a patient lot and tend to gamble on an author only once.

Like radio broadcasters and moviemakers, publishers tended to seek the largest and most universal audience.