As a consequence, the local pressure in the near field is doubled, and the particle velocity becomes zero.

And as interference decreases, so does the phase difference between sound pressure and particle velocity.

This is the angle between the particle velocity and the magnetic field .

The tangential component of the particle velocity is then .

The sound field can be described using physical quantities like sound pressure and particle velocity.

By measuring particle velocity one obtains a source direction directly.

The particle velocity is a vector and thus also contains directional information.

The sound intensity is the product of sound pressure and particle velocity.

From this pressure gradient it is possible to calculate the particle velocity.

TOF measurements are used when analysis of particle velocity is required.