The association with ants is believed to reduce the parasitisation of the butterfly caterpillars.

Parasitisation of nestlings by Protocalliphora blow-fly larvae is a significant factor in nestling mortality.

Professor John Hafernik, from San Francisco State University, said: "We don't know the best way to stop parasitisation because one of the big things we're missing is where the flies are parasitising the bees.

The Southern Masked Weaver lays eggs of a various colour and this helps it to evade parasitisation by cuckoos because the cuckoo has no way of knowing what kind of eggs are inside the weaver's nest until it has entered the nest to attempt to lay one itself.

Such organisms may consume by various means, including predation, parasitization, and biodegradation.

Blackwater fever is caused by heavy parasitization of red blood cells with Plasmodium falciparum.

Some caterpillars are gregarious; large aggregations are believed to help in reducing the levels of parasitization and predation.

Loss of reproductive capabilities through Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi parasitization is tied to the lifecycle of the nematode.

Despite its altitude, local parasitization rates at Santa Fe were high (Table 1), actually among the highest ever recorded for any species of parasitic cuckoo.

Members of both Lactarius and Russula are subject to parasitization by the Lobster mushroom (Hypomyces lactifluorum).

The parasitization of honey bees and native stingless bees causes premature mortality of workers and is a drain on the colony.

The Blue Linckia is also prone to parasitization by a species of parasitic gastropod (Thyca crystallina).

If concomitant parasitization with O. attenuata and O. diminuta occurs, alveolar emphysema and more serious ailments can threaten the life of the mammal.

Sickling and sickle cell disease also confer some resistance to malaria parasitization of red blood cells, so that individuals with sickle-cell trait (heterozygotes) have a selective advantage in some environments.

This may seem like a trivial difference, but it will draw out the animals' duration of which it is forced to feed and leaves it susceptible to further predation and parasitization risk.

Parasitization of melon fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) by Fopius arisanus and Psyttalia fletcheri (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the effect of fruit substrates on host preference by parasitoids.

Although clinical observations and gross examination indicate that O. attenuata parasitization alone is not serious, some erosion and inflammation of the nasal turbinates and nasopharynx in seals has been observed in histological sections.

Almost all Cryptinae have been described as idiobiont ectoparasitoids, meaning parasites that prevent further development of the host after parasitization and that develop outside the host's body, frequently attached to or imbedded in the host's tissues.

The polydnavirus is not the only factor affecting development of the host; teratocytes will have a similar effect, and it is likely that a large combination of different factors is needed to replicate the biological effects of parasitization.

While G. nephantidis proves to be the dominant parasitizing species over B. brevicornis due to more developed parental care in B. brevicornis and therefore reduced number of parasitization, they both act as effective species in controlling the Coconut black-headed caterpillar.