opsonization
opsonisation BrE

Bound C3b also aids in opsonization of the microbe by macrophages.

In fact, most phagocytic binding cannot occur without opsonization of the antigen.

These immunoglobulins play a major role in destruction of the pathogen through mechanisms such as opsonization.

These molecules play a role in opsonization of extracellular organisms, encapsulated bacteria in particular.

During the process of opsonization (also, opsonisation), antigens are bound by antibody or complement molecules.

C3b binds to the surface of pathogens leading to greater internalization by phagocyte by opsonization.

Opsonization, which promotes phagocytosis of particulate antigens.

For targets to be recognised, they must be coated in opsonins-a process known as antibody opsonization.

The M protein found on some serotypes is also able to prevent opsonization by binding to fibrinogen.

I. Opsonization of staphylococci (Staph.

It binds to serum factor H, destroying C3-convertase and preventing opsonization by C3b.

The papain-digested antibody is unable to promote agglutination, precipitation, opsonization, and lysis.

Antibody opsonization is the process by which a pathogen is marked for ingestion and destruction by a phagocyte.

M protein also inhibits opsonization by the alternative complement pathway by binding to host complement regulators.

The opsonization activity of PMNs was increased 6-8 folds by prior incubation with monoclonal antibodies.

I. Opsonization of Staphylococcus aureus (Oxford).

Patients without spleens often need immunizations against pathogens that normally require opsonization and phagocytosis by macrophages in the spleen.

Opsonization involves the binding of an opsonin, e.g., antibody, to a receptor on the pathogen's cell membrane.

Furthermore, opsonization of the antigen and subsequent binding to an activated phagocyte will cause increased expression of complement receptors on neighboring phagocytes.

This opsonization enhances the clearance of red blood cell by phagocytes in the liver, spleen, and lungs, a process termed extravascular hemolysis.

After an antigen-antibody reaction, the immune complexes can be subject to any of a number of responses, including complement deposition, opsonization, phagocytosis, or processing by proteases.

It also helps the immune system by destroying bacteria and other foreign substances by opsonization and phagocytosis, and by producing antibodies.

The complement system, when activated, creates a cascade of chemical reactions that promotes opsonization, chemotaxis, and agglutination, and produces the MAC.

MBL can bind to microorganisms and this interaction can lead to opsonization through complement activation, or it can opsonize the microorganism directly.

SpA enables theStaphylococcus aureus bacteria to evade the host's immune system through the disruption of opsonization and phagocytosis.

During the process of opsonization (also, opsonisation), antigens are bound by antibody or complement molecules.

However, cell opsonisation by antibody leads normally to phagocytosis of the labeled cells, as seen in the case of HIV.

Impaired host defence mechanism, due to impaired opsonisation, chemotaxis and intracellular killing, substantially increases risk of sepsis.

The immune competence of patients with the most severe symptoms was screened by studying serum immunoglobulins, lymphocyte transformation in response to phytohaemagglutinin stmulation, the formation of T cell rosettes with sheep erythroxytes, yeast opsonisation, and neutrophil chemotaxis and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride reduction.

T cells that express the T cell receptor which recognizes the antigen-MHCII complex (with co-stimulatory factors- CD40 and CD40L) cause the B-cell to produce antibodies that help opsonisation of the antigen so that the bacteria can be better cleared by phagocytes.