It is sedentary, with pairs or small groups maintaining territories.

The groups maintain territories and will defend it against neighbours but will sometimes tolerate them.

During the dry season when food is limited groups maintain discrete territories with minimal overlapping.

Many species of butterfly maintain territories and actively chase other species or individuals that may stray into them.

Because of this aggressive behavior, pumpkinseeds tend to maintain larger territories than bluegills.

They are delicate, readily losing limbs when attacked, and use their large claws for maintaining territories.

Breeding pairs maintain territories that are defended from other cranes using a large repertoire of calls and displays.

Females maintain territories at all times, but males emigrate if the resident female is killed or removed.

Adults vigorously maintain large territories, chasing away and nipping intruders, including humans.

Adult females maintain territories, but share them with their offspring.