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The ortho-isomer is found to isomerise at 60 C in benzene, also in a second order reaction.
O-thiocarbamates can isomerise to S-thiocarbamates, for example in the Newman-Kwart rearrangement.
This is why enols do not isomerize without an acid or base catalyst.
For instance, polarized light will cause the molecules to isomerize and relax in random positions.
The compound is highly unstable, and at 114 C it will spontaneously isomerize to 3-methylenecyclobutene with a half-life of 5 minutes.
Many derivatives also isomerize to the corresponding arene compounds.
Beta acids do not isomerize during the boil of wort, and have a negligible effect on beer taste.
Ketoses can isomerize into an aldose when the carbonyl group is located at the end of the molecule.
At low temperature in a solid argon matrix it is possible to isomerize ethenone to form ethynol.
Depending on the body's state, ribulose 5-phosphate can reversibly isomerize to ribose 5-phosphate.
The final product 10 was found to spontaneously isomerize in solution to the monocyclic amide 11, with a half-life of 28 minutes at room temperature.
Photochromic compounds considered to be "thermally stable" include some diarylethenes, which do not back isomerize even after heating at 80 C for 3 months.
Non-nucleophilic, sterically hindered bases have been used to isomerize terminal epoxides successfully, however.
Furthermore, under irradaton, brevianamide A has been shown to isomerize to brevianamide B.
For example, phenylpalladium acetate, used to isomerize allylic alcohols to aldehydes, is prepared by the following reaction:
Amide groups can isomerize about the C-N bond between the cis and trans forms, albeit slowly (20 seconds at room temperature).
An aldose may isomerize to a ketose through the Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein transformation.
One method is to isomerize safrole to isosafrole in the presence of a strong base, and then oxidize isosafrole to MDP2P.
Chromate esters of allyl alcohols may isomerize via formal [3,3]-sigmatropic shift to give rearranged enone products.
It has been intensively studied owing to its high reactivity and distinctive structural property of being a diene that cannot isomerize (isomers would be anti-Bredt olefins).
Chiral amide bases may be used in catalytic amounts to isomerize meso epoxides to chiral allylic alcohols with high enantioselectivity.
During this period, cannabinoid acids decarboxylate into the psychoactive cannabinoids and terpenes isomerize to create new polyterpenes with tastes and aromas different from fresh floral clusters.
In particular, the L-amino acids normally found in proteins can spontaneously isomerize at the atom to form D-amino acids, which cannot be cleaved by most proteases.
The excited stilbene may undergo competitive but reversible cis-trans isomerization; thus, although only cis-stilbenes undergo the cyclization step per se, trans-stilbenes will isomerize in situ and cyclize.
Ψ is formed by enzymes called Ψ synthases, which post-transcriptionally isomerize specific uridine residues in RNA in a process termed pseudouridylation.
In the unfolded state of proteins, the peptide groups are free to isomerize and adopt both isomers; however, in the folded state, only a single isomer is adopted at each position (with rare exceptions).
However, in the Babler oxidation, the chromate ester formed with PCC and an allylic tertiary alcohol can isomerize via a [3,3]-sigmatropic reaction before the carbonyl-forming oxidation step.