Therefore, France had little resources to invest in industrial modernization.

Emperor worship, a mystical celebration of pure blood and unique spirituality, were reactions to the confusion wrought by industrial modernization, which, in Japan, meant Westernization.

Confucian isolationist policy led the Vietnamese to refuse industrial modernization, so that they were ill-equipped against the French.

Fisher argues that the government aggressively promoted economic, industrial, and social modernization in the war years.

Shared farming has become necessary as well as industrial modernization and steam machines replaced traditional windmills.

But a hearty debate on industrial modernization and free trade might be more pertinent to the nation as a whole, many economists say.

He said other technology agreements could be expected in areas like environmental protection, petroleum exploration and industrial modernization.

Tunisia has established close relations with France in particular, through economic cooperation, industrial modernization, and privatisation programs.

Many judges say that a better solution to environmental and health problems is economic policies that encourage industrial modernization.

In 2007, it was designated as heritage of industrial modernization in Japan.