Minimal coupling is a simple way to include the electromagnetic interaction.

According to this theory, there was not much difference between weak, strong and electromagnetic interactions in the very early universe.

But even in the 1950s there was one apparent similarity between weak and electromagnetic interactions.

Technically all electromagnetic interactions are by way of photons, real or virtual in the end.

Fundamental electromagnetic interactions occur between any two particles that have electric charge.

They knew that the electromagnetic interaction takes place via the exchange of a photon (figure 2).

When there is a charged condensate, the electromagnetic interactions are screened.

When this term is present, electromagnetic interactions become short-ranged.

Other, more subtle differences show up in the symmetry properties of weak and electromagnetic interactions.

Electromagnetic interactions between passing gas particles caused them to slow down and settle near the point of impact.

He made fundamental contributions to quantum theories of electromagnetic interactions with atoms.

Mesons with net electric charge also participate in the electromagnetic interaction.

So for another few weeks or months the question of the unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions is still open.

"That proves the spokes are driven by electromagnetic interactions."

Atomic levels are a manifestation of the electromagnetic interaction between electrons and nuclei.

Thus, photons are the carrier particles of electromagnetic interactions.

The particle travels then is absorbed through electromagnetic interactions with another particle.

In electrodynamics, minimal coupling is adequate to account for all electromagnetic interactions.

The electromagnetic field extends indefinitely throughout space and describes the electromagnetic interaction.

The latter will decelerate by electromagnetic interaction inside the detector and will eventually stop.

In this theory, the electromagnetic interaction is treated as a mixture of interactions associated with the electroweak fields.

The strength of the electromagnetic interaction varies with the strength of the energy field.

These are conserved in electromagnetic interactions, but violated by weak interactions.

Their research into experimental results convinced them that this "Law" was valid for electromagnetic interactions and for the strong nuclear force.

In quantum electrodynamics the electromagnetic interaction between particles is mediated by photons.