HDN results from blood group incompatibility between mother and offspring.

Hemolytic transfusion reaction due to blood group incompatibilities.

Drs. Wiener and Wexler helped describe the genetic mechanism behind mother-infant blood group incompatibility.

Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kidd, Duffy, MN, P and others)

They later expanded the therapy to treat children with A-B-O blood group incompatibilities and began using blood tests as a basis for genetic counseling of couples at risk of having such children.

It is usually related to ABO blood group incompatibility - the most severe of which often involves group A red cells being given to a patient with group O type blood.

Anaemia is uncommon in newborn babies but may result from haemorrhage (including from the placenta), transfusion between twins in the womb and breakdown of blood in rhesus disease, and other blood group incompatibilities between mother and foetus.

Dr. Irving Wexler, a pediatrician and researcher who in the 1940's pioneered the use of blood exchange transfusions as a treatment for infants born with severe jaundice and anemia as a result of blood group incompatibility with their mothers, died on Saturday in Westwood, Mass.

His book, The Transformist Illusion published posthumously in 1957 attempted to show the failure of evolution using examples such as the infinitesimal probability of proteins arising out of random mixing, the fossil record, bird anatomy, blood group incompatibilities, and queried evolutionary claims in embryology and vestigial organs.