Xenogeneic biological values require glutaraldehyde treatment to decrease the immune response to the foreign valve.

Xenogeneic antigens are recognized as foreign by the human body and induce an immune-mediated rejection of tissue.

Xenogeneic transfer is transfer between different species.

The immunogenicity of xenogeneic tissues may be different from and even stronger than allogeneic tissues.

The most likely source for xenogeneic islets for transplantation into human currently under evaluation is the pig pancreas.

Xenogeneic sites such as the chick chorioallantoic membrane have been used but in general development is somewhat less predictable than when syngeneic mice serve as hosts.

I. Immune restoration of local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction in cancer patients by fractionated Astragalus membranaceus in vitro.

However, there have been controversial studies involving human clinical trials where Living Cell technologies Ltd demonstrated the survival of functional xenogeneic cells transplanted without immunosuppressive medication for 9.5 years.

Inhibition of human breast cancer growth by GCPTM (genistein combined polysaccharide) in xenogeneic athymic mice: involvement of genistein biotransformation by beta-glucuronidase from tumor tissues.

Nonrandomized, uncontrolled pilot clinical trials are current ongoing in subject with insulin-requiring diabetes to test the efficacy of encapsulation techniques to protect xenogeneic islets in the absence of chronic anti-rejection drugs.

An example of this is shown in the study by Zang et al. where genetically modified xenogeneic CHO cells expressing VEGF were encapsulated in alginate-polylysine-alginate microcapsules and implanted into rat myocardium.

In direct xenorecognition, antigen presenting cells from the xenograft present peptides to recipient CD4 T cells via xenogeneic MHC class II molecules, resulting in the production of interleukin 2 (IL-2).

The term is used almost synonymously for "passive immunity" in some situations, however, passive immunity acts among xenogeneic hosts; for example, in snake venom immunotherapy, antivenom IgG is obtained from sensitized horse and inoculated to men.

Also disclosed is a method of producing an immune response against an autologous polypeptide tumor antigen by immunizing a subject with a xenogeneic polypeptide antigen, either alone, as part of a viral antigen construct, or as part of a pulsed dendritic cell preparation.