Democrats in Texas used the "white primary" to serve their purposes.

He was also successful in overturning the white primary within Louisiana.

The state also passed a law for white primaries.

In Texas, the legislature excluded them through passage of a poll tax and white primary.

After the case, most Southern states ended their selectively inclusive white primaries.

By extension it covered white primaries in all states.

By the early 20th century, the Democratic Party in Texas started using a "white primary."

This bird has dark brown plumage with white primaries.

As Texas became essentially a one-party state, the white primary excluded minorities from the political competitive process.

During the early 1940s he participated in voter-registration drives and raised funds for lawsuits against the white primary.

For a period, the Georgia Democrats used the white primary to exclude blacks from voting.

Establishing white primaries ensured minorities were excluded from the formal political process.

With the latter, the Supreme Court decisively prohibited white primaries.

The feathers of adult males are mostly black, with white primaries and a white tail.

The poll tax was used together with grandfather clauses and the "white primary", and threats of violence.

In addition, the state adopted white primaries.

They also instituted a white primary.

It was the last in a series of court cases addressing the system of white primaries designed to disfranchise Southern black voters.

By 1900 the Democratic Party expanded use of the white primary in county and state elections, further denying blacks a part in the political process.

By the 1940s the Supreme Court began to find disfranchisement such as the "grandfather clause" and the white primary to be unconstitutional.

The Democratic Party reinstated the white primary.

Tens of thousands of African Americans registered to vote after the end of white primaries.

It overturned the Texas state law that authorized the Democratic Party to set its internal rules, including the use of white primaries.

Although states had to retract legislation related to the white primaries, the legislatures soon came up with new methods to limit the franchise for blacks.

Asian Paradise Flycatcherthis is a second year male, still in brown plumage but with white primaries and a longer tail.