thyroid follicle , także: thyroid follicular cell

They are located adjacent to the thyroid follicles and reside in the connective tissue.

When combined with monoiodotyrosine in the colloid of the thyroid follicle, triiodothyronine is formed.

One unit can combine with diiodotyrosine to form triiodothyronine, as occurs in the colloid of the thyroid follicle.

Palpation thyroiditis refers to the development of thyroid inflammation due to mechanical damage to thyroid follicles.

Thyroid follicles store colloid containing thyroglobulin, a glycoprotein from which thyroid hormone is derived.

MTC is diagnosed when nests of C-cells extend beyond the basement membrane and infiltrate and destroy thyroid follicles.

Physiologically, antibody against thyroid peroxidase and/or thyroglobulin cause gradual destruction of thyroid follicles in the thyroid gland.

TGI, Thyroid growth immunoglobulins: these antibodies bind directly to the TSH receptor and have been implicated in the growth of thyroid follicles.

In this process, sodium is cotransported with iodide from the basolateral side of the membrane into the cell and then concentrated in the thyroid follicles to about thirty times its concentration in the blood.

Atrophy of the colloid bodies is lined by Hürthle cells, cells with intensely eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm, a metaplasia from the normal cuboidal cells that constitute the lining of the thyroid follicles.

It is an autoregulatory phenomenon that inhibits organification (oxidation of iodide) in the thyroid gland, the formation of thyroid hormones inside the thyroid follicle, and the release of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream.

The thyroid epithelial cells take up iodine and amino acids from the blood circulation on the basolateral side, synthesize thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase from amino acids and secrete these into the thyroid follicles together with iodine.

Earlier assessment of the patient may present with elevated levels of thyroglobulin owing to the transient thyrotoxicosis as inflammation within the thyroid causes damage to the integrity of thyroid follicle storage of thyroglobulin; TSH is concomitantly decreased.