three-player chess

Many variations of three-player chess have been devised.

Three-player chess: a family of chess variants specially designed for three players.

Big Bang Theory Big Bang Theory "special" Three-player chess (youtube)

One millennium after, in 1971 Robert Zubrin invented Three-Player Chess and started selling the game in the U.S.

Three-player chess variants (as well as other three-player games) are the hardest to design fairly, since the imbalance created when two players gang up against one is usually too great for the defending player to withstand.