The loss of a proton gives the substitution product, 6.

The intermediate collapses and expels the leaving group (X) to give the substitution product 3.

The mineral is one especially liable to alteration, and in the laboratory various substitution products of nepheline have been prepared.

With ethyl bromide, the reaction product is predominantly the substitution product.

Other electron-deficient, sp amination reagents react by similar mechanisms to give substitution products.

Iodophenol is a substitution product of phenol in which one, or more, of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by iodine.

Iodonium ylides undergo cycloaddition reactions with unsaturated functional groups, and react with nucleophiles and electrophiles to give substitution products.

Finally, if the carbocation intermediate can rearrange to a more stable carbocation, it will give a product derived from the more stable carbocation rather than the simple substitution product.

Substitution of any one of the four CH hydrogens creates two chiral centers at once, and the two possible hydrogen substitution products at any one CH carbon will be diastereomers.