subendocardial

The coronary arteries that run deep within the myocardium are referred to as subendocardial.

The subendocardial area is particularly susceptible to ischemia.

Less extensive infarctions are often "subendocardial" and do not affect the epicardium.

The number of myocytes with vacuoles in the subendocardial region of the left ventricle was counted.

Other severe but uncommon side effects include pleural fibrosis, and subendocardial fibrosis.

Residual myocardium is confined to the subendocardial region and the trabeculae of the RV.

Whether the beta-adrenergic effects of adrenaline, which tend to increase myocardial work and reduce subendocardial perfusion, are detrimental is still controversial.

As a result most myocardial perfusion occurs during heart relaxation (diastole) when the subendocardial coronary vessels are patent and under low pressure.

Left ventricular shearing increases towards the subendocardium, resulting in a subepicardial to subendocardial thickening strain gradient.

The Purkinje fibers (Purkyne tissue or subendocardial branches) are located in the inner ventricular walls of the heart, just beneath the endocardium.

Warty projections arise from the deposition, while subendocardial lesions may induce irregular thickenings called MacCallum plaques.

Subendocardial: involving a small area in the subendocardial wall of the left ventricle, ventricular septum, or papillary muscles.

Subendocardial infarctions are much more dangerous than transmural infarctions because they create an area of dead tissue surrounded by a boundary region of damaged myocytes.

Finally, there remains a question about the patients who present with significant ST segment depression, probably indicative of a subendocardial myocardial infarction, but which might be unstable angina.

Stress cardiac MRI perfusion testing thus is sensitive enough to detect subtle ischemia and myocardial infarctions even if they are limited only to the subendocardial level.

During contraction of the ventricular myocardium (systole), the subendocardial coronary vessels (the vessels that enter the myocardium) are compressed due to the high intraventricular pressures.

At this point there may be signs of ventricular strain pattern (ST segment depression and T wave inversion) on the EKG, suggesting subendocardial ischemia.

ST segment depression, suggestive of acute subendocardial ischemia, was consistently observed in C57BL/6 male mice but not in all female mice immediately following administration of isoproterenol.

Due to the high contrast between the blood pool and the myocardium it is common to get what looks like a thin subendocardial area of ischaemia called the Gibbs artifact, this however, is less common with newer technology allowing higher resolution imaging.

Side effects of oral minoxidil may include swelling of the face and extremities, rapid and irregular heartbeat, lightheadedness, cardiac lesions, and focal necrosis of the papillary muscle and subendocardial areas of the left ventricle.