Calculations are performed using the distance between the different stimulating electrodes and the difference in latencies.

This approach incorporates a microchip with 98 stimulating electrodes and aims to provide increased mobility for patients to help them move safely in their environment.

Animals with stimulating electrodes implanted along this pathway will bar-press very energetically if each press is followed by a brief pulse of electrical current.

This document will review the current state of research into electrode failure, focusing on recording electrodes as opposed to stimulating electrodes.

By means of stimulating electrodes implanted into the human nervous system, it is possible to apply current pulses to be learned and reliably recognized by the recipient.

PENS used to be a term to describe a neurosurgical procedure involving implantation of temporary stimulating electrodes before an SCS device.

Moreover, the cluster headache (CH) can be treated by using a temporary stimulating electrode at sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG).

SCS, in simplest form, consists of a pulse generator with its remote controls, implanted stimulating electrodes and conducting wires connecting the electrodes to the generator.

Synaptic inhibition: This causes an indirect regulation of the neuronal output by activating axon terminals with synaptic connections to neurons near the stimulating electrode.

Brindley and Lewin (1968) inserted a matrix of stimulating electrodes directly into the visual cortex of a 52-year-old blind man, using small pulses of electricity to create phosphenes.

Two independent sets of afferent fibres converging on a common population of cells are activated by stimulating electrodes (S1 and S2) placed either side of the extracellular recording electrode.

Photovoltaic retinal prosthesis implants are powered through inductive coils, and require complex surgical methods to implant the coil-decoder-cable-array systems which deliver energy to stimulating electrodes via intraocular cables.

The ASR microchip is a 2mm in diameter silicon chip (same concept as computer chips) containing 5,000 microscopic solar cells called "microphotodiodes" that each have their own stimulating electrode.

For instance, researchers have built an array of PDMS microchambers, aligned with sensors and stimulating electrodes as a tool that will electrochemically and optically monitor the cardiomyocytes' metabolism.

In the lab, sounds are produced by a stimulating electrode placed on the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and a recording electrode placed on the occipital nerve that leads to the sonic muscles of the fish.

Contrariwise, pseudoperceptions, ranging from crude, unformed noises and flashes of light through to complex scenes with accompanying meanings and emotions, can be generated by spontaneous discharges of the brain or in the laboratory by stimulating electrodes.

They placed stimulating electrodes onto one of the nerves, known as the perforant pathway, and recording electrodes within a hippocampal region at which the nerves of the perforant pathway made synapses, the dentate gyrus (Figure 9.4).

This is not a reflex, per se, in that the action potential travels from the site of the stimulating electrode in the limb to the spinal cord's ventral horn and back to the limb in the same nerve that was stimulated.

Such electrodes can be of several types; they may be fine glass tubes filled with solutions of drugs or salts to be pumped out close to specific cells, or they may be 'stimulating electrodes' designed to deliver trains of electric pulses - of the sort described in relation to LTP.