Sliding mode control can be used in the design of state observers.

In his dissertation Luenberger introduced new methods for construction of state observers.

It is closely related to Kalman filters and to linear state observers used in control theory.

More general state observers, such as the Luenberger observer for linear control systems, use a rigorous system model.

The Commonwealth of Independent States observer mission said the election was free and democratic.

Like state observers, Kalman filters use a detailed dynamic system model that is not restricted to two states.

Unannounced spot checks by United States observers should be allowed to monitor compliance.

The goal is to design a high-gain state observer that estimates the state vector using only information from the measurement .

If this system is observable then the output of the plant, , can be used to steer the state of the state observer.

Rather, decoherence provides an explanation for the transition of the system to a mixture of states that seem to correspond to those states observers perceive.

If a system is observable, it is possible to fully reconstruct the system state from its output measurements using the state observer.

Since the United Nations-Organization of American States observers were pulled out, these suffering people have had no recourse to justice.

If Palm Beach County had happened in another country, we'd be dispatching United States observers overseas to urge a new election.

Many United States observers consider Mr. Hu something of an unknown quantity and predict that he may bring political reform to his country.

A Kalman filter estimates the values of state variables and corrects them in a manner similar to an alpha beta filter or a state observer.

An official United States observer team sent to monitor the Haitian election returned tonight to Andrews Air Force Base.

"It would be going much too far to say that Unesco has an efficient and effective program," said Richard T. Miller, the United States observer.

A particular relevance is given to the plant state observer, the task of which may be extended to estimate and to predict the disturbance acting on the plant.

It is also important to take this positivity into account for state observer design, as standard observers (for example Luenberger observers) might give illogical negative values.

A module designed to estimate the state of a system from measurements of the outputs is called a state observer or simply an observer for that system.

Like state observers, Kalman filters in general use multiple observed variables to correct state variable estimates, and these do not have to be direct measurements of individual system states.

Europe and the United States observers were scathing about the lack of qualifications for the presidency of both Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan.

In 1940, United States observers in Great Britain had reported on the "Operation Training Unit" system used by the Royal Air Force.

Richard T. Miller, the United States observer to Unesco, said Mr. M'Bow's candidacy would "certainly be divisive."

The monitors - he refused to say how many - would receive training from a Justice Department official and would work in tandem with state observers, Mr. Christie said.