Officers receive training and guidance in the use of spit hoods.

Spitting hoods are a hood invented to deal with this risk.

They placed a spit hood over his head to prevent him from spitting bodily fluids on anyone.

Lawsuit over Michigan man's death in jail focuses on officers' use of 'spit hood'

A spit hood similar to the one used on Miss Perry who claimed it made her feel like she was being 'paraded in stocks'

Humiliated: Mother of two Elaine Perry was forced to wear a 'spit hood'

Spitting hoods are in use in Australia and England, where they are used in handling drunk airline passengers who sexually assault flight attendants.

Officers took Agster to the Madison Street jail, placed a "spit hood" over his face and strapped him to the chair, where he had an apparent seizure and lost consciousness.

PC Bensusan told the court she used her spit hood because of the behaviour of Miss Perry, who had refused to identify herself and was "tensing" to prevent herself being handcuffed.

However all (except PCSO's) officers are equipped with Hiatt Speedcuffs, ASP batons, CS incapacitant spray, Velcro fastwrap leg restraints and spit hoods.

PC Saunders admitted she did not know the criteria for when to use a spit hood "without looking it up" and said she did not see the kick her colleague alleged Miss Perry had landed on her.