He used a spirit varnish which sometimes appears that it saturated into the wood.

Touchup in repair or restoration is only done with spirit varnish.

The finish produced by spirit varnishes was transparent, but brittle and susceptible to water damage.

Quick-drying enamels are spirit varnishes ground with the desired pigment.

Today oil varnishes have replaced all spirit varnishes with the exception of shellac.

(Watin, 1755) also describes the use of asphaltum as an addition to the well-known spirit varnishes of the day.

Before the development of modern oil varnishes, spirit varnishes using shellac, damar or mastic resins dissolved in alcohol were popular.

Lacquers or spirit varnishes are made from very soft gums, such as shellac and sandarach, dissolved in methylated spirit.

The two main types of natural varnishes are spirit varnish (which uses alcohol as a solvent) and turpentine or petroleum-based varnish.

The definition of varnish is not always clear, but it seems to have been a spirit varnish based on gum benjamin or mastic, both traded around the Mediterranean.

Varnishing took about 6 weeks to complete as numerous coats were applied - 15 coats for copal varnish and 30 coats for spirit varnish.

Most resin or "gum" varnishes consist of a natural, plant- or insect-derived substance dissolved in a solvent, called spirit varnish or solvent varnish.

It originated when shellac was the only type of "varnish" available (it was called spirit varnish at that time), and requires hours of rubbing that may extend over more than one day.