Two other terms are spirant and strident, but their usage is less standardized.

The Germanic spirant law caused devoicing in certain consonants where applicable.

Another result of the spirant law, though far less obvious, was in the second-person singular past tense form of strong verbs.

The effect of the Germanic spirant law can also be very neatly observed by comparing certain verbs with related nouns.

In the spoken language the spirant mutation is usually replaced with the soft mutation after numerals.

Refer to the mutation table for regular k Spirant mutation)

Another form of alternation was triggered by the Germanic spirant law, which continued to operate into the separate history of the individual daughter languages.

The spirant approximant can only appear in the syllable onset (including word-initially, where the semivowel never appears).

Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law: Loss of nasals before fricatives, with compensatory lengthening.

The Germanic spirant law, similarly, affected combinations of an obstruent followed by -t-.

The only male smells were that of der Hausdiener and the ammoniac, per spirant smell of a laborer.

The 2nd person singular past indicative ending -t generally triggered assimilation of the preceding consonant according to the Germanic spirant law:

Only when an /n/ disappeared with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel did the spirant law itself result in vowel alternation.

Two other examples of surface filters, which occurred in the history of the Germanic languages, are Sievers' law and the Germanic spirant law.

In these verbs, therefore, the participle suffix came into direct contact with the preceding consonant, triggering the spirant law in these verbs.

Their past tense replaced the initial -d- with -t-, with the preceding consonant assimilating to the suffix according to the Germanic spirant law:

Although this is the same process seen in the Spirant Mutation (e.g. following hor "our"), it is really an external sandhi which has become fixed in writing.

In discussing Spanish, Martínez-Celdrán suggests setting up a third category of "spirant approximant", contrasting both with semivowel approximants and with fricatives.

Details of the history of these verbs can be found under Germanic weak verb; those with -gh- in the spelling were also affected by the Germanic spirant law.

It is closely related to Old Anglo-Frisian (Old Frisian, Old English), partially participating in the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law.

Both the Germanic spirant law and the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law show vowel lengthening compensating for the loss of a nasal.

One consequence of this is that English has very few words ending in -nth; those that exist must have entered the vocabulary subsequent to the productive period of the nasal spirant law:

Thus No. 11 was called harma when it represented the spirant ch in all positions, but when this sound became breath h initially11 (though remaining medially) the name aha was devised, áre was originally áz?

The consonant alternation in certain weak verbs which typically goes along with the Rückumlaut phenomenon (think:thought, German denken:dachte) is a result of a later development in Germanic known as the Germanic spirant law.

In linguistics, the Germanic spirant law or Primärberührung is a specific historical instance of dissimilation that occurred as part of an exception of Grimm's law in the ancestor of the Germanic languages.

One is "rabbit-eared", interpreted as some kind of modified D, presumably the voiced spirant.

These long vowels are shortened and then followed by a klusil, or plosive, or in some cases a spirant.

S ch was only an approximation; the Dwarvish kh was in fact a strong aspirate, not a spirant.

Fricative, sometimes called spirant, where there is continuous frication (turbulent and noisy airflow) at the place of articulation.

Northern (spirant)

The g in gas is due to the Dutch pronunciation of this letter as a spirant, also employed to pronounce Greek χ.

If the word were not in our minds hopelessly attached to a humble significance, we, too, might be charmed by its combination of spirant, liquids, and vowels.

This latter distinction led von Bradke to divide the palatal series into a group as a spirant and a pure K-sound, typified by the words satem and centum respectively.

This latter distinction led him to divide the palatale Reihe into a Gruppe als Spirant and a reiner K-Laut, typified by the words satem and centum respectively.

These are all the spirant + stop clusters accounted for in the research of William Whitman, however, the spirant + stop cluster hk has been found to exist word medially, as in chéthka ('domestic cow').

In William Whitman's research, the spirant + stop combination xd, with the one given example used in this journal being iblí xdo ('blackbird'), is mentioned as being an error for the spirant + stop combination hd.

Spirant + stop clusters generally appear in both word initial and word medial position, these clusters include θg, sǰ, sg, hd, and hg, however the spirant + stop clusters sd and xd only appear word medially.

An interesting analysis of the Chiwere language has shown that the spirant + stop consonant cluster hg as being the more commonly used pronunciation of the spirant + stop cluster θg and that the hg cluster may be replacing the θg all together.