This character form also played a part in a common scribal abbreviation.

Scribes also used scribal abbreviations to avoid having to write a whole character at a stroke.

Scribal abbreviations were infrequent when writing materials were plentiful.

After the mid-15th century, this feature came to be regarded no longer as a mere scribal abbreviation, but as an actual part of the poetry.

Over a u at the end of a word, the macron indicated um as a form of scribal abbreviation.

Yeshu, a Hebrew scribal abbreviation for enemies, sometimes interpreted as a reference to Jesus.

In medieval texts, many special ligatures, scribal abbreviations, and letter forms existed, which are no longer a part of the Latin alphabet.

These scribal abbreviations are categorized as follows:

Scribal abbreviation increased in usage and reached its height in the Carolingian Renaissance (8th to 10th centuries).

Medieval scribes, writing in Latin, increased writing speed by combining characters and by introduction of scribal abbreviation.

The script uses many ligatures and has many unique scribal abbreviations, along with many borrowings from Tironian notes.

This project is attempting to support all of the scribal abbreviations, ligatures, and alternate letterforms found in medieval texts written in the Latin alphabet.

The best documented explanation reveals that the sign evolved out of the Spanish and Spanish American scribal abbreviation "p" for pesos.

Another, which looks illegible, is written backwards, in Latin with scribal abbreviation, and has since been published and translated in a number of books on witchcraft.

In the European Medieval period, Tironian notes were taught in monasteries and the system was extended to about 13,000 signs (see scribal abbreviations).

This was just one of many kinds of conventional scribal abbreviation, used to reduce the time-consuming workload of the scribe and save on valuable writing materials.

Besides a variety of ligatures, conjoined letters, scribal abbreviations, swash characters, and the "long s" with its own ligatures, one was the "r rotunda".

Sigla are mostly for lapidary inscription; in certain late historical periods (e.g. medieval Spain), scribal abbreviations were over-used to the extent that some are indecipherable.

The general introduction is ethical as well as practical and runs as follows (the spelling given is that of MS 3227a, with scribal abbreviations expanded):

It is also possible that the expression refers to the careful reading of Medieval Latin texts: the letters "p" and "q" had various scribal abbreviation symbols for different shortened words.

Scribal abbreviations can be found in epigraphy, sacred and legal manuscripts, written in Latin or in a vulgar tongue (though less frequently and with fewer abbreviations), either calligraphically or not.

Scribal abbreviations, or Sigla (singular: siglum and sigil) are the abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in Latin, and later in Greek and Old Norse.

Later, in the 16th century, when the culture of publishing included Europe's vernacular languages, Graeco-Roman scribal abbreviations disappeared - an ideologic deletion ascribed to the anti-Latinist Protestant Reformation (1517-1648).

Prepositional typography: the upper-case form was configured as the siglum Đ - a typographic ligature adopted as a concise written and printed word-character, that originated as a lapidary scribal abbreviation.

Besides the tilde and macron marks, above and below letters, modifying cross-bars and extended strokes were employed as scribal abbreviation marks - used mostly for prefixes and verb, noun, and adjectival suffixes.