proto-language
protolanguage
Ursprache

- early people would have taken the first step toward proto-language.

Sometimes, however, a proto-language can be identified with a historically known language.

In some methods it may be possible to reconstruct an earlier proto-language.

The proto-language would have been spoken by foragers, about 5,000 years ago.

Each branch may be termed a "level" and represents a proto-language.

A Proto-language is a language that all languages in a language family came from.

Today, one phonetic character is hardly enough to define a proto-language.

Most probably, it is close to a Karelian proto-language.

As a proto-language, the proto-Dravidian language is not itself attested in the historical record.

In the proto-language, as in Gothic, such terms have no relevance.

The early daughter languages, and even the proto-language itself, may be attested in surviving texts.

Thus they can be used to determine relatedness but not to determine the proto-language.

A proto-language is a hypothetical parent language in the tree model of language evolution.

Lexicostatistics is related to the comparative method but does not reconstruct a proto-language.

To demonstrate the existence of a language family, it is necessary to find cognate words that trace back to a common proto-language.

Scholars disagree over the extent to which the agreement system in the various languages can be reconstructed for the proto-language.

Chinese can be traced back to a hypothetical Sino-Tibetan proto-language.

One might point to a culture map and hazard a guess as to which language, typically a proto-language, was spoken in each culture.

This would make Uralo-Siberian the proto-language of a much vaster language family.

Typically, the proto-language is not known directly.

The Elvish language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language.

It was the proto-language of the Elves, which they invented after their Awakening.

The concept of an Urheimat only applies to populations speaking a proto-language defined by the tree model.

The presence of three dorsal rows in the proto-language has been the mainstream hypothesis since at least the mid 20th century.

She feigns understanding; she describes the unity of the collective in her proto-language.

Probably they also developed protolanguage, but there's no way we can verify that.

Once the brain had words it could create concepts which came together as a 'protolanguage'.

The full reconstruction of an unrecorded protolanguage is an open-ended task.

Soviet linguists continue the research, however, and have reconstructed another protolanguage that was probably contemporary to Nostratic.

Once the elements of advanced protolanguage, including basic grammatical items, were in place, the crucial addition, syntax, was fairly simple.

This theory of a musical protolanguage has been revived and re-discovered repeatedly, often without attribution to Darwin.

There remains some disagreement over the Algonquian Urheimat (homeland of the protolanguage).

In the regions ruled by Novgorod, the protolanguage started to evolve into Karelian language.

This representational aspect of language further enhanced the protolanguage machinery and finally fueled the jump to true language.

The phonological system of the protolanguage has nine consonants, four vowels, and four tones.

In any case it is difficult to determine when a particular laryngeal loss is due to a protolanguage rule versus an instance of later analogy.

Especially in Finland there has been a growing tendency to reject the Finno-Ugric intermediate protolanguage.

One of these assumptions is that the only valid criteria for determining a language family are regular sound correspondences and the reconstruction of its protolanguage.

My brother says transmission and response equals protolanguage, but in most worlds it takes years and years for response to occur.

It has been originally loaned from an Indo-Iranian protolanguage and is related to Latin virus "poison".

They can be traced back to a Finnic-Saami protolanguage, which is called Early-Proto-Finnic.

They are descended from the protolanguage Proto-Oceanic, which are developed from Proto-Austronesian.

It is likely that either Old Church Slavonic or the protolanguage Proto-Slavic is intended.

The Uralic Protolanguage: A Comprehensive Reconstruction.

One characteristic feature is a tripartite singulative-collective-plurative number system, which Blench (2010) believes is a result of a noun-classifier system in the protolanguage.

Notably, the slaves' children, who are exposed to the pidgin vocabulary before the age of 2, expand the protolanguage into a structurally mature language called a creole.

The protolanguage remained much like a pidgin for a million years or more, eventually it went from the "beads-on-a-string" model of speech to a hierarchical structure through Merge.

Charles Darwin speculated that music may have held an adaptive advantage and functioned as a protolanguage, a view which has spawned several competing theories of music evolution.

Alternatively, the common protolanguage may have been located north of the Black Sea, with Proto-Uralic moving northwards with the climatic improvement of post-glacial times.

In Hakka dialects, nasals appear in both lower and upper register tones, suggesting a protolanguage with both voiced and voiceless nasals.

Shakespeare didn't care about his "Ursprache" - and more power to him.

He might have been speaking Ursprache, for all that I understood.

In German, Ursprache means "primitive language."

Sure enough, recent winning words have included "appoggiatura," "Ursprache" and "serrefine"—hardly the stuff of routine conversation.

In the case of Indo-European, the method seemed to at least partially validate the centuries-old search for an Ursprache, the original language.

Ursprache, "proto-language"

Neue Wege zur Ursprache.

This project began with Pioneer Reventlo's famous spotted horse named 'Ursprache' or 'Original Language'.

Schleicher, August: Fabel in indogermanischer Ursprache.

It seems only natural that once an original language, or Ursprache , was posited, the next step was to speculate on its source, or Urheimat .

One should not forget that at that time it was a common belief that all languages were God-created and that Hebrew was the divine Ursprache.

The winner of this year's national spelling bee won by correctly spelling the German word Ursprache, while the German word Weltschmerz eliminated the runner-up.

Vergleichende Lautlehre des austronesischen Wortschatzes, Band 1: Induktiver Aufbau einer indonesischen Ursprache.

A thirteen-year-old eighth-grader from Spring Lake, New Jersey, Katharine "Kerry" Close, won the Bee on her fifth attempt, correctly spelling Ursprache in the twentieth round.

To the Editor: Re "For New Jersey 8th Grader, 'Ursprache' Means Fame" (news article, June 3): We have come a long way in internationalizing languages.

Using mostly classical works as sources, Masci grouped Illyrian, Macedonian and Epirote into one language family, which he considered the Ursprache of Albanian, but didn't name and identify it.

Kurzer Abriss der indogermanischen Ursprache, des Altindischen, Altiranischen, Altgriechischen, Altitalischen, Altkeltischen, Altslawischen, Litauischen und Altdeutschen, 2 volumes.

Among the earliest female practitioners are Berlin poet Else Lasker-Schüler, who experimented in what she called "Ursprache" (Ur-language), and the New York Dada poet and performer Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven.

Borges may be punning on the sense of "primaeval" here with his repeated use of Ursprache, or on the story's own definition of "ur" in one of Tlön's languages as "a thing produced by suggestion, an object elicited by hope".

The terrestrial scientist might trace Russian and English and Swedish, and Lithuanian and Persian and Hindustani back to a proto-Indo-European, but he had never found on any other planet a language which he could say had also derived from the Aryan Ursprache.

Even better is a devastating parody of the Marxist approach to linguistics, involving a (fictional) visit by Ludwig Wittgenstein to the Soviet Union, and his relationship with an (invented) Hungarian academic, L. Revai, who idealises the grunts of slave labourers as a proletarian Ursprache.