phosphogypsum

As a result, phosphogypsum which exceeds this limit is stored in large stacks.

Because this phosphogypsum is slightly radioactive, its use is banned in nearly every situation.

That booming phosphate industry comes with tons of mildly radioactive waste known as phosphogypsum.

Millions of tons of phosphogypsum entered the sinkhole and polluted the state's water supply.

Construction of bioreactors to biodegrade phosphogypsum with wastewater sludge.

Various applications have been proposed for using phosphogypsum, including using it as material for:

Phosphogypsum is radioactive due to the presence of naturally occurring uranium and radium in the phosphate ore.

Florida mining companies arrange phosphogypsum into massive stacks that can cover hundreds of acres and weigh millions of tons.

StackFree - The Phosphogypsum Project.

Early reporting raised concerns about the presence of phosphogypsum, gypsum formed as a by-product of processing phosphate ore into fertilizer with sulfuric acid.

Bioreactors operation for biological decomposition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) with phosphogypsum.

However, the marine-deposited phosphate ore from central Florida is highly radioactive, and as such, the phosphogypsum by-product is too radioactive to be used for most applications.

Digestion of the phosphate ore using sulfuric acid yields the insoluble calcium sulfate (gypsum), which is filtered and removed as phosphogypsum.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency has banned most applications of phosphogypsum with a radium-226 concentration of greater than 10 picocurie/gram (0.4 Bq/g).

Some building materials, for example lightweight concrete with alum shale, phosphogypsum and Italian tuff, may emanate radon if they contain radium and are porous to gas.

Use of Phosphogypsum to Biodegrade Municipal Solid Waste, funded by the Florida Institute of Phosphate Research.

Other phosphogypsum disposal methods, including recycl-ing it for use in construction or artificial reefs, have yet to take off because of debate over whether the material is too radioactive to reuse.

FACT has formed a Joint Venture Company with Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Limited for manufacturing load bearing panels and other building products using phosphogypsum.

As a result, there are about 1 billion tons of phosphogypsum stacked in 25 stacks in Florida (22 are in central Florida) and about 30 million new tons are generated each year.

He worked in the areas of Gas Separation, Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste, Biodegradation of Municipal Solid Waste with Wastewater Sludge and Phosphogypsum, Groundwater Flow, Stormwater Runoff, and Construction & Demolition Landfills.