In overlap syndrome, features of the following diseases are found (most common listed):

This suggests an inappropriate immune response in this type of fibrotic overlap syndrome.

Examples of overlap syndromes include mixed connective tissue disease and scleromyositis.

The treatment of overlap syndrome is mainly based on the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.

"The main reason for this," she says, "isn't the lupus itself, but the overlapping syndromes and conditions that arise from having a screwy immune system."

These fibrotic processes are rare and tend to occur in isolation, although a number of overlap syndromes has been reported with multiple organ involvement.

Management of overlap syndromes.

An overlap syndrome is an autoimmune disease of connective tissue in which a patient presents with symptoms of two or more diseases.

Patients with scleromyositis have symptoms of both systemic scleroderma and either polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and is therefore considered an overlap syndrome.

Scleromyositis or the PM/Scl overlap syndrome is a complex autoimmune disease (a disease in which the immune system attacks the body).

The presence of the antibodies is linked to limited cutaneous involvement of PM/SSc overlap syndrome.

In some cases, the symptoms of the two disorders may occur in the same individual, which is referred to as the Cowden/Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba overlap syndrome.

Although it is a rare disease, it is one of the more common overlap syndromes seen in scleroderma patients, together with MCTD and synthetase syndrome.

Anti-PM-Scl antibodies are found in up to 50% of polymyositis/systemic scleorosis (PM/SSc) overlap syndrome.

Lichen planus-lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome is a rare variant of lichen planus characterized by lesions that share features with lupus erythematosus.

Lichen planus-lichen sclerosus overlap syndrome is a rare skin condition characterized by skin lesions of lichen planus and lichen sclerosus.

Other workers have also found steroids to be of benefit in fibrotic overlap syndromes, and cyclophosphamide has been used with success to suppress fibrosis affecting the thyroid, face and orbit.

These MDS/MPN overlap syndromes have effective production of some lineages of blood cells, but show ineffective proliferation of other lineages.

His clinical studies of psychiatric disorders also revealed much complexity in the clinical features of mental disorders: people often had multiple overlapping syndromes and changed over time in unpredictable ways.

These autoantibodies are mainly found in people that suffer from the PM/Scl overlap syndrome, an autoimmune disease in which patients have symptoms from both scleroderma and either polymyositis or dermatomyositis.

By this method, autoantibodies are found in up to 55% of patients with the PM/Scl overlap syndrome, but they can also be detected in patients suffering from either scleroderma, polymyositis, or dermatomyositis alone.

MCTD combines features of scleroderma, myositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis (with some sources adding polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion body myositis) and is thus considered an overlap syndrome.

Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and critical illness myopathy (CIM) are overlapping syndromes of widespread muscle weakness and neurological dysfunction that can develop in critically ill patients receiving intensive care.

Her contributions to hepatology include seminal work on the natural history of autoimmune hepatitis, variant and overlap syndromes of autoimmune hepatitis, treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis and treatment of viral hepatitis.

In addition, several proteins in the exosome are the target of autoantibodies in patients with specific autoimmune diseases (especially the PM/Scl overlap syndrome) and some antimetabolitic chemotherapies for cancer function by blocking the activity of the exosome.