Sarbanes-Oxley required the disclosure of all material off-balance sheet items.

This is because of the opacity of financial companies' balance sheets and their frequent use of off-balance sheet items.

The capital standard requires that when calculating the required amount of capital, banks must recognize off-balance sheet items like letters of credit.

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 401: Disclosures in periodic reports (Off-balance sheet items)

Saunders was said to have misdescribed this sum in Guinness's accounts, though some believed that it was properly an off-balance sheet item.

Since the facility/guarantee itself is contingent, the creation of NIF does not give rise to an entry in the financial account and will be treated as an off-balance sheet item in the guarantor books.

Financial institutions may report off-balance sheet items in their accounting statements formally, and may also refer to "assets under management," a figure that may include on and off-balance sheet items.

For off-balance sheet items, there are two broad types which the IRB approach needs to address: transactions with uncertain future drawdown, such as commitments and revolving credits, and OTC foreign exchange, interest rate and equity derivative contracts.