Both the plus and the minus ends have a different critical concentration (C).

This enzyme catalyses movement towards the minus end of microtubules.

In contrast, dyneins are motor proteins that move toward the microtubules' minus end.

A different type of motor protein known as dyneins, move towards the minus end of the microtubule.

This nucleation process occurs from the minus end, allowing rapid growth from the plus end.

It walks along actin filaments, travelling towards the minus end of the filaments.

Detached microtubules with unprotected minus end depolymerizes with time.

Cofilin causes depolymerization at the minus end of filaments, thereby preventing their reassembly.

It involves the intrinsic flow of tubulin sub -units from the plus end to the minus end.

The β-tubulin subunit is exposed on the plus end of the microtubule while the α-tubulin subunit is exposed on the minus end.

The protein functions by physically blocking the spontaneous dissociation of ADP bound actin monomers from the minus end of the actin fibre.

Remarkably, the polymerization dynamics are not only faster at the plus end, but, in addition, the critical concentration is higher at the minus end than at the plus end.

Tropomodulin is a protein which binds and caps the minus end of actin (the "pointed" end), regulating the length of actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells.

The motors responsible for concentrating the melanosomes at the center are dynein, which move the melanosomes along microtubule tracts towards the minus end (i.e. the center of the cell).

Kinesin-14 family proteins, such as Drosophila melanogaster NCD, budding yeast KAR3, and Arabidopsis thaliana ATK5, walk in the opposite direction, toward microtubule minus ends.

Particularly for the Golgi apparatus, structures associated with the apparatus travel towards the minus end of a microtubule and aid in the overall structure and site of the Golgi in the cell.

The anti-parallel orientation of tetramers means that, unlike microtubules and microfilaments, which have a plus end and a minus end, IFs lack polarity and cannot serve as basis for cell motility and intracellular transport.

Note that the cytosolic concentration of the monomer subunit between the C and C ends is what is defined as treadmilling in which there is growth at the plus end, and shrinking on the minus end.

A spiral3 katanin double mutant had swollen and twisted epidermal cells, and showed that the microtubule minus ends were not released from the nucleation sites, although the nucleating angles distributed in a similar manner to those in spiral3.

Although Decimax's current ad shows these switches to be of the keypad variety, our unit used membrane types; each push of the switch on the plus or minus end gives a corresponding level change (indicated by the LEDs) on that particular frequency.

The plus ends of the actin filaments are located at the tip of the microvillus and are capped, possibly by capZ proteins, while the minus ends are anchored in the terminal web composed of a complicated set of proteins including spectrin and myosin II.