The light deflection has, however, been accurately confirmed by a number of later observations.

Conclusive proof of the gravitational light deflection prediction was not achieved until the 1970s.

This can use an interferometrical function, focus variation, light deflection or a half beam shadowing principle.

In the framework of Newtonian gravity, a heuristic argument can be made that leads to light deflection by half that amount.

When Einstein finished the full theory of general relativity, he would rectify this error and predict the correct amount of light deflection by the sun.

The first observation of light deflection was performed by noting the change in position of stars as they passed near the Sun on the celestial sphere.

Even in cases where that object is not directly visible, the shape of a lensed image provides information about the mass distribution responsible for the light deflection.

Relativistic images are images of gravitational lensing which result due to light deflections by angles .

There are digital micromirror devices used in video projectors and optics and micromirror devices for light deflection and control.

In particular light deflection is unchanged, so f(R) gravity, like General Relativity, is entirely consistent with the bounds from Cassini tracking.

Relativistic Einstein rings are ringed shaped images occurring due to light deflection when the light source, the lens (the deflector), and the observer are perfectly aligned.

However, Einstein deduced a light deflection at the sun of "almost one arcsecond" which is just one-half of the correct value later derived by his theory of general relativity.

In addition to its light weight, solar shading effects, light deflection, natural ventilation or noise reduction, it benefits from the intrasic good points of stainless steel like resistance to corrosion or low LCA.

After constructing the full theory of general relativity in 1916, Einstein solved for the space-space components in a post-Newtonian approximation, and calculated the correct amount of light deflection - double the Newtonian value.

Closely related to light deflection is the gravitational time delay (or Shapiro delay), the phenomenon that light signals take longer to move through a gravitational field than they would in the absence of that field.

The equivalence principle does not deny the existence of measurable effects caused by a rotating gravitating mass (frame dragging), or bear on the measurements of light deflection and gravitational time delay made by non-local observers.

Einstein's prediction of light deflection could not be tested immediately in 1915, because the First World War was in progress, and it was not until 1919 that a British expedition, observing an eclipse from West Africa, showed that light was indeed deflected by the sun, just as predicted by the theory.