They measure either atrophy or reductions in glucose utilization.

Up to 33% of total glucose utilization in some tissues can be through the polyol pathway.

Food intake is rapidly increased by intraventricular administration of 2-deoxyglucose therefore decreasing glucose utilization in cells.

By oxidizing fatty acids, this spares glucose utilization and helps to maintain euglycemia during exercise.

His work has also resulted in a concept that heart dysfunction in diabetes is due to an imbalance between fatty acid and glucose utilization.

This reaction also initiates all physiologically relevant pathways of glucose utilization, including glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.

Glucostatic hypothesis: the activity of the satiety center in the ventromedial nuclei is probably governed by the glucose utilization in the neurons.

This phosphorylation of IRS1 leads to an increase in translocation of Glut-4 to the cell membrane and increased glucose utilization.

It is the body's ability to maintain glucose utilization and suppress endogenous glucose production in the setting of this compensatory hyperinsulinemia that separates metabolic syndrome from diabetes.

In an effort to restore ion balance, the sodium-potassium ion pumps increase activity, which results in excessive ATP (adenosine triphosphate) consumption and glucose utilization.

HIF plays a role in the regulation of oxygen haemostasis, and is a transcription factor which targets angiogenesis, vascular remodelling, glucose utilization, iron transport and apoptosis.

This shifts myocardial metabolism from fatty acid to glucose utilisation which results in increased ATP production for the same O consumption and consequently increases myocardial efficiency.

Additionally, demonstrations of increase in GLUT3 expression associated with increased cerebral glucose utilization provides further confirmation of the central role of GLUT3.

In the treatment of diabetes, sulfonylurea drugs are able to stimulate dephosphorylation of the glucose transporter GLUT4, decreasing insulin resistance and increasing and glucose utilization.

Trimetazidine is an anti-ischemic (anti-anginal) metabolic agent, which improves myocardial glucose utilization through inhibition of fatty acid metabolism, also known as fatty acid oxidation inhibitor.

Small quantities of chromium are needed for glucose utilization by insulin in normal health, but deficiency is extremely rare and has only been observed in hospital patients on long-term defined diets.

It has been postulated that when their glucose utilization is low and consequently when the arteriovenous blood glucose difference across them is low, the activity across the neurons decrease.

Although the human brain represents only 2% of the body weight, it receives 15% of the cardiac output, 20% of total body oxygen consumption, and 25% of total body glucose utilization.

GLUT3 expression in neurons in the rat coincides with maturation and synaptic conectivity and a positive correlation between protein levels of GLUT1, GLUT3 and regional cerebral glucose utilization was observed in mouse.

The central role of GLUT3 in cerebral metabolism has been challenged by the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) hypothesis, which proposes that astrocytes play the key role in the coupling of neuronal activity and cerebral glucose utilization.

When looking at the carbohydrate utilization of the myocardium, diabetic hearts not only show a decrease in glucose utilization but also a very pronounced decrease in lactate utilization, to a greater extent than glucose utilization.