enforcing powers

For example, both processes involve a neutral third-party who has no enforcing powers.

But commitments from the parties in the region are not worth much unless the enforcing powers are prepared to use force if necessary.

Instead the law enforcement of these regions are the privately enrolled "Hope Ranch Patrol," who have only limited law enforcing powers.

While the enforcing powers had cited United Nations Security Council Resolution 688 as authorizing the operations, the resolution contains no explicit authorization.

In an article on the Op-Ed page of The New York Times last month, Mr. Holbrooke wrote: "Commitments from the parties in the region are not worth much unless the enforcing powers are prepared to use force if necessary.

In April 1991, Iraqi no-fly zones created during the Gulf War by the enforcing powers related to United Nations Security Council Resolution 688 as authorising the operations, which Boutros Boutros-Ghali called the no-fly zones "illegal" in a later interview with John Pilger.