Two of the more common methods for studying surface phonons are electron energy loss spectroscopy and helium atom scattering.

The carbon bonding in aerographite has an sp character, as confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements.

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS)

The technique of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is based upon the fact that electron energy decreases upon interaction with matter.

In electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) a material is exposed to a beam of electrons with a known, narrow range of kinetic energies.

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) as a STEM measurement technique made possible with the addition of an electron spectrometer.

Applications of the technique, commonly known as Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS), to studies of solid surfaces are beyond the scope of this book.

The French physicist Christian Colliex (b. 1944) is known for his pioneering work on the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in transmission electron microscopy.

Spin-polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy or SPEELS is a technique that is mainly used to measure the dispersion relation of the collective excitations, over the whole Brillouin zone.

A more area-selective method is electron energy loss spectroscopy, which measures the energy loss of an electron beam within a transmission electron microscope when it interacts with a portion of a sample.

In addition, she discovered that electron energy loss spectroscopy can be used to detect species absorbed in the bulk of a substrate, and can be used to differentiate between bulk and surface species.

The drawbacks to FIB sample preparation are the above-mentioned surface damage and implantation, which produce noticeable effects when using techniques such as high-resolution "lattice imaging" TEM or electron energy loss spectroscopy.

R.Vollmer, M.Etzkorn, P.S.Anil Kumar, H.lbach, and J.Kirschner, "Spin polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy of high energy, large wave vector spin waves in fcc Co films on Cu(001)"

In electron energy loss spectroscopy, Kramers-Kronig analysis allows one to calculate the energy dependence of both real and imaginary parts of a specimen's light optical permittivity, together with other optical properties such as the absorption coefficient and reflectivity.

Dr. Leapman has been particularly active in developing the techniques of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to provide an unprecedented high spatial resolution for nanoanalysis of biological structures.

For the first time Kirschner's group in Max-Planck institute of Microstructure Physics showed that the signature of the large wave vector spin waves can be detected by spin polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy (SPEELS).

Very recently, one group in Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics in Halle Germany proved that by using spin polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy (SPEELS), very high energy surface magnons can be excited.

These include solving and refining crystal structures by electron crystallography, chemical analysis of the sample composition through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, investigations of electronic structure and bonding through electron energy loss spectroscopy, and studies of the mean inner potential through holography.

This technique is used to form spectra in Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), but it is also possible to place an adjustable slit to allow only electrons with a certain range of energies through, and reform an image using these electrons on a detector.

He also co-authored, with Channing Ahn, the EELS Atlas, now a standard reference for electron energy loss spectroscopy, pioneered the design and use of slow-scan CCD cameras for electron microscopy, and developed efficient microscope aberration diagnosis and tuning algorithms.

These include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, electron energy loss spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, ion scattering spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, Dual polarization interferometry, and other surface analysis methods included in the list of materials analysis methods.