For most animals, 2000 volts is the accepted minimum effective voltage for the fence.

As a result, the effective voltage across and the current through the impedance increase; the input impedance decreases.

Under continued irradiation, the amount of trapped charge builds, until the effective voltage inside the specimen reaches millions of volts.

In accelerator physics, the term acceleration voltage means the effective voltage surpassed by a charged particle along a defined straight line.

Due to this definition, overdrive voltage is also known as "excess gate voltage" or "effective voltage."

The effective voltage applied to the op-amp input is floating so the op-amp must have a differential input.

The train's speed remains constant at the point where the torque of the motor, governed by the effective voltage, equals the drag - sometimes referred to as balancing speed.

The effective voltage can be varied by inserting a series resistor or by an electronically controlled switching device made of thyristors, transistors, or, formerly, mercury arc rectifiers.

Further, in DC transmission the effective voltage is equal to the peak voltage, while in AC transmission the peak voltage is 40% higher.

As a result, the effective voltage across and the current through the amplifier input resistance R decrease so that the circuit input resistance increases (one might say that R apparently increases).

To continue accelerating the train, series resistors are switched out step by step, each step increasing the effective voltage and thus the current and torque for a little bit longer until the motor catches up.

An action potential results in a cascade of ion flux down and across an axonal membrane, creating an effective voltage spike train or "electrical signal" which can transmit further electrical changes in other cells.

The benistor is able to modulate the value of any or all of following parameters delivered to a load: maximum voltage, effective voltage, average voltage, maximum current, effective current, or average current.

Since radio interference increases with the peak voltage and decreases as the conductor size is increased, the DC system can carry a higher effective voltage than an AC line of equivalent size and still maintain an acceptable radio interference level.

So, Miller theorem expresses the fact that connecting a second voltage source with proportional voltage in series with the input voltage source changes the effective voltage, the current and respectively, the circuit impedance seen from the side of the input source.

Because an AC waveform has a voltage peak that is higher than the average value produced by the rectifier, the same set operating on the same root mean square AC supply voltage would have a higher effective voltage after the rectifier stage.

Tubes are essentially obsolete for most applications, while the transistors and thyristors have significant limitations including that they cannot simultaneously control the maximum voltage, the effective voltage, and the maximum current of a non-linear load in a Direct AC (rectified but unfiltered) supply circuit.

The benistor overcomes these shortcomings because, unlike the transistor and thyristor, it has separate control terminals for simultaneously managing the amount of current, maximum voltage, and effective voltage in an AC generator-load circuit, by means of either linear switching and/or self-switching mode of operations.

If the train starts to climb an incline, the speed reduces because drag is greater than torque and the reduction in speed causes the back-EMF to fall and thus the effective voltage to rise - until the current through the motor produces enough torque to match the new drag.

As a result, voltage for alternating current almost never refers to the voltage at a particular instant, but instead is the root mean square (RMS) voltage, which is a way of defining an effective voltage when calculating power (RMS voltage x RMS current).