cytisine

All parts of the plant contain cytisine and are poisonous if consumed.

Plants containing cytisine, including the common broom and mescalbean, have also been used recreationally.

The main toxin in the plant is cytisine, a nicotinic receptor agonist.

Article: Placebo-controlled trial of cytisine for smoking cessation.

The species contain cytisine, a toxic alkaloid.

The beans contain the toxin cytisine.

Shaman Australis Cytisine pharmacology and information on substance availability in various plants.

The palila, for example, can deal with dozens of times the dose of cytisine that would kill a laboratory mouse.

Varenicline was discovered at Pfizer through the research aimed at modifying the structure of cytisine.

Māmane (Sophora chrysophylla) can contain amounts of cytisine that are lethal to most animals.

A 2013 meta-analysis of eight studies demonstrated that cytisine has similar effectiveness to other smoking cessation drugs already licensed in the US.

All parts of the mescalbeans are very poisonous, containing the alkaloid cytisine (not mescaline, as suggested by the name).

The symptoms of cytisine poisoning are very unpleasant, including nausea and seizures; as little as one seed can be fatal.

When a chemical is added that blocks the binding of cytisine to the nicotinic receptors, the mice exhibited less anorexic behavior.

This plant does not contain any mescaline, however; all parts of it are highly poisonous, due to the principal alkaloid cytisine, which is chemically related to nicotine.

U. p. virescens caterpillars are possibly able to sequester the cytisine to give themselves protection from getting eaten; they have aposematic coloration which would warn off potential predators.

The seeds are legumes with large numbers of black seeds that contain cytisine, an alkaloid extremely poisonous to humans but also goats and horses, especially when not ripe.

Nicotine binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and cytisine binds to those nicotinic receptors even more selectively.

Plant species that contain cytisine are found in several genera of the Faboideae subfamily of the Fabaceae family, including Laburnum, Anagyris, Thermopsis, Cytisus, Genista, Retama and Sophora.

Varenicline tartrate is a prescription drug marketed by Pfizer as Chantix in the U.S. (under FDA approval) and as Champix outside the U.S. Synthesized as an improvement upon cytisine, varenicline decreases the urge to smoke and reduces withdrawal symptoms.