They discussed with the business how the circular economy could be achieved in these four different companies.

As such the Foundation believes that business innovation sits at the heart of any transition to the circular economy.

Let us not lose sight of the proven principle of a circular economy.

Promoting a circular economy was identified as national policy in China's 11th five-year plan starting in 2006.

The circular economy has been adopted by the state owned and run China Coal industry as a guiding philosophy.

The circular economy is a framework that draws upon and encompasses principles from:

The circular economy is grounded in the study of feedback rich (non-linear) systems, particularly living systems.

In the 1990s, Stahel extended this vision to selling goods as services as the most efficient strategy of the circular economy.

EcoPark aims to promote the local recycling industry and jump-start a circular economy to provide a sustainable solution to the city's waste problems.

SITA has a range of facilities which allow waste to be returned to the circular economy in a number of different forms.

WRAP is supporting a circular economy by assessing how we design, make, sell, re-use and recycle products.

The Foundation works to strengthen and communicate the ideas and opportunities around a circular economy, publishing a variety of materials (reports, case studies, educational resources.)

Science, technology, engineering, maths and design (STEM) are subjects that will be at the heart of any transition to a circular economy.

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation, an independent charity established in 2010, has more recently outlined the economic opportunity of a circular economy.

The idea of a circular economy synthesised a number existing strands of work and specifically enabled the analysis and communication of its broad economic potential.

In January 2012, a report was released entitled Towards the Circular Economy: Economic and business rationale for an accelerated transition.

Industrial Ecology principles are also emerging in various policy realms such as the concept of the Circular Economy that is being promoted in China.

Today SITA treats waste as a resource, and views waste management as a part of the circular economy.

Cleaner Production in China with an overview of Chinese environmental law, policy and case studies relating to cleaner production and the circular economy.

Circular Economy (CAS)

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation was established in September 2010 with the aim of accelerating the transition to a regenerative, circular economy.

The Institute promotes what has become known as the loop or circular economy, the key attributes being product-life extension, long-life goods, reconditioning activities and therefore waste minimisation.

On 2 September 2010, she launched the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, a charity focusing on accelerating the transition to a regenerative circular economy.

In my opinion, one of the key models for a sustainable circular economy based on fair rules is the eco-social market economy, which is based around small-scale, multifunctional agriculture.

After retiring from sailing, MacArthur founded the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, with the aim to accelerate the transition to a regenerative, circular economy.