chromaffin granule

Chromophil cells are mostly hormone-producing cells containing so-called chromaffin granules.

It is thought that chromaffin granules possess these heterotrimeric G-proteins which have shown to be regulatory to small clear-core vesicles.

Chromophil cells, hormone producing cells showing chromaffin granules that readily absorb chromium stains.

Calcium triggers the exocytosis of chromaffin granules and, thus, the release of adrenaline (and noradrenaline) into the bloodstream.

Annexin VII was the first annexin to be discovered while searching for proteins that promote the contact and fusion of chromaffin granules.

VMAT1 is also responsible for transporting newly synthesized adrenaline from the cytosol back into chromaffin granules in preparation for release.

VMAT was first isolated and purified in bovine chromaffin granules, in both native and denatured forms.

The hormones are secreted from chromaffin granules; this is where the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline.

The synthesis, storage (in chromaffin granules) and release of catecholamines is co-regulated by synaptic input from their respective pre-synaptic sympathetic neurons, as well as hormonal and local inputs.